NCERT Class 12 Physics Part - 1 & 2 Book 2025-26

NCERT Class 12 Physics Part - 1 Book

Physics in Class 12 plays a crucial role in shaping a student’s understanding of the physical world and is one of the most important subjects for CBSE board exams as well as competitive exams like JEE, NEET, CUET, NDA, and other entrance tests. NCERT Class 12 Physics Part – 1 lays the foundation for advanced concepts that are applied in modern technology, engineering, and medical sciences.

Chapter No.	Download Chwapterwise Physics Part - 1 PDF
Chapter 1	Electric Charges and Fields
Chapter 2	Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Chapter 3	Current Electricity
Chapter 4	Moving Charges and Magnetism
Chapter 5	Magnetism and Matter
Chapter 6	Electromagnetic Induction
Chapter 7	Alternating Current
Chapter 8	Electromagnetic Waves

NCERT Class 12 Physics Part - 2 Book

Physics in Class 12 plays a crucial role in shaping a student’s understanding of modern science and technology. Among the two volumes prescribed by CBSE, NCERT Class 12 Physics Part – 2 focuses mainly on Electromagnetism, Optics, and Modern Physics, which form the backbone of competitive exams like JEE, NEET, CUET, NDA, and various state-level entrance tests.

Chapter No.	Download Chwapterwise Physics Part - 2 PDF
Chapter 9	Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Chapter 10	Wave Optics
Chapter 11	Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Chapter 12	Atoms
Chapter 13	Nuclei
Chapter 14	Semiconductor Electronics

Why NCERT Class 12 Physics Is So Important

NCERT Physics books are not just textbooks; they are concept builders. Almost all board exam questions and a large portion of competitive exam questions are directly or indirectly based on NCERT theory, examples, diagrams, and derivations.

Key reasons to rely on NCERT Physics:

• Officially prescribed by CBSE
• Clear and precise theoretical explanations
• Standard definitions and derivations
• Numericals based on real-life applications
• Diagrams and graphs asked directly in exams
• Foundation for engineering and medical entrance exams

NCERT Class 12 Physics Part 1 – Overview

Physics Part 1 mainly deals with electrostatics, current electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic induction. These chapters form the backbone of modern physics applications and are numerically intensive.

Chapters in Physics Part 1

1. Electric Charges and Fields
   This chapter introduces electric charge, Coulomb’s law, electric field, electric field lines, electric flux, and Gauss’s law. It builds the foundation for understanding electrostatics.
2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
   Covers electric potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces, capacitors, parallel plate capacitors, and dielectrics. Numericals from this chapter are very common in exams.
3. Current Electricity
   Focuses on electric current, Ohm’s law, drift velocity, resistance, resistivity, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone bridge, and meter bridge. This chapter is extremely important for numerical problem-solving.
4. Moving Charges and Magnetism
   Explains magnetic fields, Lorentz force, Biot–Savart law, Ampere’s circuital law, and motion of charged particles in magnetic fields.
5. Magnetism and Matter
   Deals with magnetic properties of materials, bar magnets, earth’s magnetism, magnetic dipole, and magnetic susceptibility.
6. Electromagnetic Induction
   Introduces Faraday’s laws, Lenz’s law, induced emf, self and mutual inductance. This chapter has high conceptual and numerical importance.
7. Alternating Current
   Covers AC circuits, reactance, impedance, power factor, transformers, and resonance. AC is an important topic for both boards and competitive exams.
8. Electromagnetic Waves
   A short but scoring chapter explaining the electromagnetic spectrum and its applications.

NCERT Class 12 Physics Part 2 – Overview

Physics Part 2 focuses on optics, modern physics, atoms, nuclei, and electronic devices. These chapters are more theory-based but equally scoring.

Chapters in Physics Part 2

1. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
   Covers reflection, refraction, mirrors, lenses, prism, total internal reflection, microscopes, and telescopes. Ray diagrams are very important here.
2. Wave Optics
   Explains interference, diffraction, polarization, Young’s double slit experiment, and Huygens’ principle.
3. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
   Introduces photoelectric effect, de Broglie waves, and experimental observations supporting particle nature of light.
4. Atoms
   Covers atomic models, Rutherford and Bohr models, energy levels, and spectral lines.
5. Nuclei
   Deals with nuclear structure, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, mass-energy equivalence, and nuclear fission and fusion.
6. Semiconductor Electronics
   Explains semiconductors, diodes, transistors, logic gates, and basic electronic devices. Very important for conceptual questions.

---

Exam Weightage and Importance

• Physics Part 1 is numerically heavy and carries significant weight in board exams.
• Physics Part 2 is theory-oriented and includes many direct questions from NCERT lines.
• Diagrams, definitions, and derivations are often asked exactly as given in NCERT.
• Competitive exams like JEE and NEET also follow NCERT terminology strictly.

---

How to Study NCERT Class 12 Physics Effectively

1. Read NCERT Line by Line
   Many one-mark and two-mark questions come directly from textbook lines.
2. Focus on Examples and Exercises
   NCERT examples are the base for most numericals.
3. Practice Derivations
   Important derivations should be memorized with steps and diagrams.
4. Revise Diagrams and Graphs
   Ray diagrams, circuit diagrams, and graphs are frequently asked.
5. Make Short Notes
   Write formulas, laws, and key points chapter-wise.
6. Solve Previous Year Questions
   You will notice repeated patterns from NCERT content.

---

Who Should Use NCERT Class 12 Physics Books?

• CBSE Board students
• JEE Main and Advanced aspirants
• NEET aspirants
• Olympiad preparation students
• Teachers and tutors
• Self-study learners