1. Curriculum Aims and Vision
The Class 10 Science curriculum is designed in alignment with the NEP 2020 and NCF-SE 2023 to nurture responsible, informed, and critically thinking citizens. In Grades 9-10, Science is taught using an integrated approach that combines Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and Earth Science. The primary aims are to:
- Develop a scientific understanding of the natural and physical world.
- Cultivate curiosity, creativity, collaboration, and a scientific temper.
- Foster interdisciplinary understanding and highlight the relationship between Science, Technology, and Society.
2. Course Structure and Marking Scheme
The assessment comprises an annual theory examination of 3 hours and an internal assessment.
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Chemical Substances-Nature and Behaviour | 25 |
| II | World of Living | 25 |
| III | Natural Phenomena | 12 |
| IV | Effects of Current | 13 |
| V | Natural Resources | 05 |
| Total Theory | 80 | |
| Internal Assessment | 20 | |
| Grand Total | 100 | |
3. Unit-Wise Syllabus Overview
Unit I: Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour
- Summative Topics: Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, Metals and Non-metals, and Carbon and its Compounds.
- Formative Only: Periodic Classification of Elements Internal Assessment Only
Unit II: World of Living
- Summative Topics: Life processes, Control and co-ordination in animals and plants, Reproduction, and Heredity.
- Formative Only: Evolution (including Human Evolution and Fossils) Internal Assessment Only
Unit III: Natural Phenomena
- Summative Topics: Reflection of light by curved surfaces, Refraction of light and Lenses, Functioning of a lens in the human eye, and Refraction through a prism/dispersion of light.
Unit IV: Effects of Current
- Summative Topics: Electric current, Ohm's law, and Resistance, Heating effect of electric current, Magnetic field and Magnetic effects of current, and Alternating/Direct current.
- Formative Only: Motor, Electromagnetic Induction, and Electric Generator Internal Assessment Only
Unit V: Natural Resources
- Summative Topics: Our environment, Eco-system, Ozone depletion, and waste production.
Note: The NCERT text books present information in boxes across the book. However, the information in these boxes would not be assessed in the year-end examination.
4. Practical Work
Practicals should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes. Key experiments include:
- Finding the pH of various samples using pH paper/universal indicator.
- Performing and observing combination, decomposition, displacement, and double displacement reactions.
- Determining the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and parallel.
- Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata.
- Determination of the focal length of a concave mirror and a convex lens.
- Studying binary fission in Amoeba and budding in yeast and Hydra.
5. Question Paper Design & Internal Assessment
Competency Distribution (Theory - 80 Marks)
- Demonstrate Knowledge and Understanding: 50%
- Application of Knowledge/Concepts: 30%
- Formulate, Analyze, Evaluate and Create: 20%
Typology of questions includes VSA (including objective and Assertion-Reasoning types), SA, LA, and Source/Case-based integrated assessment questions.
Internal Assessment Breakdown (20 Marks)
- Periodic Assessment: 10 marks (05 marks + 05 marks)
- Subject Enrichment (Practical Work): 05 marks
- Portfolio: 05 marks
 Syllabus 2026-27){kind=link}
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